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Vocabulary revision for Bachelor 1 English at IHECS First
term
Commuvocconsists of a series of revision tools, all available onCLIck:
1. the present course book, dowloadable free from CLIck andreadable on any
platform through Scribd
2. online exercises for the computer, available from the CLIckwebsite
3. offline exercises in a mobile app called Miniteach(http://www.vocatrain.com/apps.php)
4, offline recap flashcards in a mobile app called Quizlet(http://quizlet.com/)
Tutorials on the use of these different tools are available onthe CLIck website
01 Arts
http:www.vocatrain.comtest.php?style=emed&id=30844
Are you going to Greece for the sun ? No I want to see its ...heritage, the museums, the Coliseum.culturel.........................
cultural
Doug makes paintings, he writes music and poetry ! Yes, he's acomplete ... .artiste................................................................
1
COMMUVOC
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artist
Did Salvador Dali make important paintings ? Yes, he was afamous Catalan ... .peintre.........................................................
painter; artist
Did John Lennon write the text of this song ? No, the ... are byYoko Ono. paroles(chanson)..................................................
lyrics
Did you like the Tate Gallery ? Yes, I enjoyed William Turner'searly ... the most. tableau(art)...............................................
paintings; pictures; works
Did you write this piece of music yourself ? Of course not, itwas ... by Bach. composer (musique)
.........................................
composed; written
Do you know 'It's a long way to Tipperary' ? Yes, that's a verypopular ... . chanson...................................................................
song; tune; air
Do you know Mozart and Beethoven ? Of course, they are famous... . musicien
.........................................................................
musicians; composers; Germans
Do you know the words from that song ? No, but I can whistle the... . air (de musique)
...........................................................
tune
Do you know the song 'My darling Clementine' ? Yes, but I can't... it. chanter
............................................................................
sing Attention: irregular verb - sing / sang /sung........................................................................................................................
Do you like making music ? Yes, that's why I play in a jazz .... ensemble, groupe (musique)
.................................................... band;orchestra
Do you like Mozart and Beethoven ? Yes, I very often listen totheir ... . musique
......................................................................
music; compositions; pieces
Have you ever heard of Stradivarius ? Yes, that's the Italianwho made the best ... . violons
....................................................
violins Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/......................................................................................
She took out her pencils and a sheet of paper and made a nice... of her daughter. dessin
.........................................................
drawing; sketch
I'm fond of Van Gogh's paintings ! You should visit the Van Gogh... in Amsterdam !muse.....................................................
Museum; museum
I've never seen 'Big Ben' ! Well, I can show you a ... of it.photo; image
..........................................................................................
picture; drawing; sketch; postcard
Joe has painted a lot recently ! Yes, soon there'll be an ... ofhis work. exposition (art)
.............................................................
exhibition
This summer, Bozar will ... several original prints, drawingsand paintings by Belgian artists. exposer (tableaux)
............
exhibit; display
Broadway and London are famous for their ... , such as Phantomof the Opera, West Side Story or Jesus Christ
Superstar. comdiesmusicales..........................................................................................................................................................
musicals
Most children's programmes on television are intended to ... andeducate at the same time. amuser, divertir
......................
entertain
Thomas plays the violin, doesn't he ? Yes, he plays in a veryfamous ... .
orchestre, groupe (musical)
.................................... orchestra; band
What do you need that pencil for ? I'm going to ... a picture ofyour house. dessiner
..................................................................
draw; make Attention: irregular verb - DRAW / drew /drawn...................................................................................................
What does this painting represent ? It ... a lady with a baby.reprsenter (photo, dessin, ...)....................................................
depicts; portrays; shows
What is a piano ? That's a ... instrument. de musique,musical
.......................................................................................................
musical; music
When can we see your latest paintings ? In March I will ... themin a museum. exposer, montrer (peinture)
........................
display; exhibit
Where do you usually buy your paintings ? I often visit theLondon ... . galeries (d'art)
............................................................
galleries; shops; auctions
Who was Mozart ? He was a famous music ... . compositeur (demusique)
...................................................................................
composer; musician
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02 Writing
http://www.vocatrain.com/test.php?style=embed&id=30845
Could you tell me what you did on May 19 ? No idea! I'm notkeeping a ... you know. journal(intime)...................................
diary Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/........................................................................................
Dad, please tell me another story ! Once ... there was aprince... . il tait une fois
.......................................................................
upon a time
Did the manager thoroughly read your report ? No, he quicklylooked it ... . parcourir (texte)
................................................
over
Did you read the newspaper thoroughly ? No, I only looked at the... ! manchette (journal)
.....................................................
headlines
Do I have to fill in anything ? No, you just ... out the wronganswer. biffer
....................................................................................
crossDo you enjoy reading poetry ? No, I prefer fiction, i.e.... and short stories. roman....................................................................
novels
Do you have to read the whole book ? No, only the first ... .chapitre
.............................................................................................
chapter; page; section
Shakespeare not only wrote plays, but also ... . pome
....................................................................................................................
poems Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/......................................................................................
Do you know where Professor Dyson is ? Yes, he's giving a ... onsociology right now. confrence (cours)
.............................
lecture
Do you like the plays by Harold Pinter ? No, I'm not familiarwith modern English ... . thtre (genre)..................................
drama; theater; theatre; playwrights
Do you like to read poems ? Yes, I like ... . posie
..............................................................................................................................
poetry
Do you read many books ? No, I'm not interested in ... .littrature
...............................................................................................
literature
Do you really think Kenneth has written this poem ? No, hedoesn't have any ... talent. potique
...........................................
poetic; literary
Do you remember the book that Jim bought ? I remember the authorbut not the ... .titre......................................................
title
Do you want this book or the one with the pictures ? The lastone please, the ... one. illustr
...................................................
illustrated
Good playwrights are not restricted to one genre only; theywrite ... as well as comedies.
tragdie
......................................... tragedies
Have you got something to draw lines with ? Yes, you can usethis ... . rgle (instrument)
.......................................................
ruler
Have you got something to write with ? Yes, here's a ... stylobille..............................................................................................
ball-point; pencil; pen; fountain-pen; biro
Have you written a new book ? Yes, but I don't want to ... ityet. publier
.......................................................................................
publish
How are the headlines printed ? Oh, in big, ... letters. gras;en grasse (caractres)
....................................................................
bold; capital
How do you have to structure a text ? Each new idea comes into aseparate, new ... . paragraphe
..........................................
paragraph
How's your newspaper doing ? Fine. Each week we get 1,000 new... . lecteur
.............................................................................
readers; subscribers
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I have finished my letter ! Good. Now put it in an ... .enveloppe (courrier)..................................................................................
envelope
I would really like that job ! Have you filled in your ... formthen? demande (d'emploi)
.............................................................
application
I've been ill for three days ! You need a doctor's ... for yourboss. certificat
..................................................................................
certificate
Is that the story as it was told for the first time ? Yes,that's the ... story. original (indit)
.......................................................
original
Is your article free of mistakes now ? No, I still have to ...it. mettre au point (texte)................................................................
edit; correct; review; reread
Is your report already completely finished ? No, I still have to... out. rdiger
.............................................................................
write it Attention: irregular verb - write / wrote /written.........................................................................................................
Little Sue likes reading books with pictures in ! I'll give hera ... then. bande dessine
..............................................................
comic; comic book
Mr Nikman, isn't it ? Yes, but you ... it with -ck-N-I-C-K-M-A-N. peler
........................................................................................
spell Attention: irregular verb - spell / spelt /spelt.....................................................................................................................
Should I write the answers in pencil first ? No, you can use a... straight away. plume (crire)
................................................
penSir, do we have to read silently ? No, I want you to read thesentence ... . haute voix; voixhaute......................................
aloud Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/........................................................................................
So you want to write great literature ? Yes, there's a great ...career waiting for me. littraire
................................................
literary
So your job is reading books for a newspaper ? Not just reading,I also have to ... them. faire la critique de (film)
................
review
Ted, you didn't answer my letter ! I'm sorry, but I couldn'tread your ... . criture
......................................................................
handwriting
Then I saw this beautiful woman with wings and a magic stick !Oh, you mean a ... ?fe..........................................................
fairy; good fairy
Well Jimmy, it's time to go to bed ! Please dad, tell me onemore ... . conte de fe
........................................................................
fairy tale; story
What's your homework today, Ann ? We have to write an ... onpolitics. rdaction (cole)
........................................................
essay; assignment
When do I have to speak ? Wait until I give you a ... .signe
.............................................................................................................
sign; signal
Where can I get information about your firm ? We've publishedthis ... presenting the company .brochure..........................
brochure; booklet
Who wrote this book ? I'm sorry, I don't know the ... . auteur;crivain
.........................................................................................
author
Why do I have to use a pencil ? Because if you make mistakes,you can ... them out.
effacer (gomme)
................................... rub
Will you answer my mail ? Yes, I will ... back as soon as I can.rpondre (lettre)
........................................................................
write Attention: irregular verb - write / wrote /written.............................................................................................................
William Shakespeare was a great playwright who wrote tragediesas well as ... .comdie........................................................
comedies
At the end of the news they often give you a short ... of themain events. rsum
......................................................................
summary
When I study theoretical courses, I usually write a ... of mycoursebook. rsum
.......................................................................
summary
I'll just ... the main elements in a few words, if I may.rsumer
.......................................................................................................
summarize; summarise
She sent her rsum to over 50 companies but did not even get aninterview. CV
......................................................................
rsum; CV; curriculum vitae
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03 Education
http://www.vocatrain.com/test.php?style=embed&id=30846
Anne, I haven't seen your report yet ! I thought we only had to... it next week. remettre (dossier)
........................................
submit
Are you coming out to play, Ed ? No, I still have to write myEnglish ... . rdaction (cole)
.......................................................
composition; essay
Are you interested in science ? Yes, every week I read a ...magazine. scientifique
....................................................................
scientific Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/..................................................................................
As he already has a good knowledge of English he is in the ...group. avanc...............................................................................
advanced
Can Ellen make a blog ? No, but I'll ... her how to do it. Shemust learn. enseigner; apprendre
.................................................
teach; show; tell Attention: irregularverb...................................................................................................................................
Can you do it on your own ? No, I'd appreciate some professional... . conseils
............................................................................
guidance; help; assistance Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/....................................................
Can you name an American president who was murdered ? No, Ican't think of an ... . exemple
..............................................
instance; example
Did John get what he asked for ? Yes, they have decided to ...him another "10,000. accorder (permission)........................
grant; give Attention: irregular verb - GIVE / gave /given.........................................................................................................
Did you get an "A" for history ? Yes, that was my best ... .note,cote,points
..................................................................................
mark; grade; subject; course
Do you have to study hard tonight ? Yes, I have my first ...tomorrow. examen
...........................................................................
examination; test
Do you have your practical exam tomorrow ? No, tomorrow's my ...one. thorique
..................................................................
theoretical Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/..............................................................................Doyou know what 'E=mc2' means ? No, I don't understand that ... .formule...............................................................................
formula
Does Tom attend university now ? No, he studies arts at an ...in the city. acadmie
..................................................................
academy
Does Chris work at university ? Yes, he's the ... of thelanguage department. professeur (universit)
....................................
head
Does Patricia want to become a teacher ? Yes, she very muchenjoys ... . enseignement
...........................................................
teaching
Have you got enough money to pay your studies ? No, but I get an... from the state.allocation...............................................
allowance Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/................................................................................
Have you got enough money to pay your studies ? No, but I get a... from the state. bourse
......................................................
grant
Haven't you finished college yet ? No, still one year before Iget my ... . diplme
.........................................................................
degree
He just got his ... in business studies from Milford. diplme
...........................................................................................................
diploma; degree
He didn't accept that job at university as he wasn't interestedin an ... career. acadmique
......................................................
academic
Darwin's ... of evolution is very much debated by creationiststoday.thorie..............................................................................
theory Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/......................................................................................
How long have you been a doctor ? Well, I was thirty before I... as a doctor.
obtenir le diplme
.............................................. qualified;graduated
How much is 15466 x 245 ? Wait, I'll ... that on this piece ofpaper. calculer
...............................................................................
calculate
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How much will the party cost us ? I've done a quick ... , only"75.calcul......................................................................................
calculation
They made some ... mistakes, such as he work too little.lmentaire; de base
.........................................................................
elementary
I'm getting fat ! Yes, you should ... more often in the park.exercer (sport)
.................................................................................
Is "?" an exclamation mark ? No, it's a ... . pointd'exclamation
......................................................................................................
question mark
Is this the original article ? No, this is a ... I've made ofit.copie....................................................................................................
copy
It's a nice book, but it lacks pictures ! I know, we still haveto ... it. illustrer
................................................................................
illustrate
Jack's 8 years old. So he goes to ... school. cole primaire
..............................................................................................................
primary; elementary Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/.............................................................
Geometry, trigonometry, algebra are all ... subjects.mathmatique
..............................................................................................
mathematical
Pam is working in town ! Yes, she ... of school two weeks ago.abandonner ses tudes
...............................................................
dropped outIn order to train as a teacher you need good ...skills.pdagogique...............................................................................................
educational; pedagogic; pedagogical
Sing, sang, sung. Ring, rang, rung ! OK. You've studied your ...verbs well. irrgulier
................................................................
irregular
The scientific study of the characteristics and composition ofsubstances is ... . chimie
.............................................................
chemistry
This book is much too difficult for me! You can read my ...version. simplifi
...............................................................................
simplified; adapted; shortened
This sentence is much too long ! Yes, you'd better add a few ....virgule.......................................................................................
commas
We live in an area with a high ... of immigrants.pourcentage
.........................................................................................................
percentage; density; rate Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/......................................................
Were there many mistakes in your work ? No, there was only one... . erreur; faute
..................................................................
error; fault
What is a square root ? You ought to know, it's a ... concept ofmaths. fondamental
...................................................................
basic Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/.........................................................................................
What're you doing at the university ? I'm carrying out aresearch ... on education.projet........................................................
What's Mr Lawson responsible for at the university ? He headsthe law ... . facult (univ)
.......................................................
faculty; department
Which punctuation mark do you put at the end of a question ? A... , of course !
point d'interrogation
.................................... question mark
Which punctuation mark do you put at the end of a sentence ? A... . point (ponctuation)
........................................................
full stop
Who can name three positive sciences ? I can, Miss - biology,chemistry and ... . physique.......................................................
physics; maths; mathematics
Who told you to do this ? It is the manager who ... me.commander (donner un ordre)
.............................................................
instructed; ordered; told
Who were Plato, Kant and Aristotle ? They all have something todo with ... . philosophie
........................................................
philosophy Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/..............................................................................
Who were Plato, Kant and Aristotle ? They all were ... .philosophes
.............................................................................................
philosophers Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/...........................................................................
Why are you always repeating this sentence ? I have to learn itby ... . apprendre par coeur
...................................................
heart Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/........................................................................................
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Will Simon ever learn how to play the piano ? Yes, if he ... alot.s'exercer...................................................................................
practises; plays; exercises Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/....................................................
Will the teacher explain everything ? Yes, he'll go ... everyproblem. approfondir (question)
...................................................
into; through
Will you show us how this computer works ? Yes, I'll ... itsmain functions to you. montrer
......................................................
demonstrate; show; teach
How much water will this tank hold ? I've no idea. I don't knowits ... . capacit (volume)
........................................................
volume
04 Expressions
http://www.vocatrain.com/test.php?style=embed&id=30847
Aah! You dropped that book on my foot ! Oh, I'm ... .excusez-moi!
...............................................................................................
sorry
Are these animals dangerous ? Yes, we'll have to ... forthem.
Faireattention.............................................................................watch out; lookout............................................................................................................................................................................
Are we late already ? Yes, hurry ... !dpche-toi!............................................................................................................................
up
Are you going to bed ? Yes, good ... ! bonne nuit!
..............................................................................................................................
night
Atchoo ! Atchoo ! Well, ... you ! vos souhaits! (ternuer)
.............................................................................................................
bless; God bless
Can I come tomorrow ? Oh, ... ! That's no problem. srement!
.......................................................................................................
sure; of course; certainly; yes; indeed; obviously
Can you come this evening ? No, I'm ... I'm not free. je crainsque (+subj)....................................................................................
afraid
Carl didn't seem happy with my present ! Never mind, Carl'sdifficult to ... . contenter
.............................................................
please
Could you give my book back to me, please ? Of course, ... !Voici!
................................................................................................
here you are; here it is
Did you speak to Jo yesterday ? I did. ..., are you freetomorrow ? propos
...............................................................................
by the way
Do I have to be quiet ? Yes, shut ... ! tais-toi!; silence!
......................................................................................................................
up
Do you have a problem ? No, everything is ... .O.K...........................................................................................................................
ok; fine
Do you want this book ? Yes, give it to me, ... you ? s'il vousplat? (demander)
..........................................................................
will
Don't you hear me ? Err, I beg your ... ? pardon?
..............................................................................................................................
pardon
Ehrjucomin ? Er, ... ? I didn't understand you. pardon?
..................................................................................................................
pardon; I beg your pardon
Good morning, Doreen ! Oh, ... Clare !salut!.....................................................................................................................................
hello; good morning; morning
Goodbye, Nancy ! See ... ! bientt!
....................................................................................................................................................
you; you tomorrow
Has the teacher gone away ? Yes, the ... clear! We can dowhatever we want now! le champ est libre; la voie est l
............... coast is
Have you really finished your homework ? Yes, you can take my... for it. croyez-m'en!
............................................................
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word
Hello mum, I'm back ! My ..., what's happened to your hair? monDieu!......................................................................................
goodness; god
Hello, Pamela ! Oh, hi Rachel, ... are you ? comment vas-tu?;comment allez- v
..........................................................................
how
Here's champagne for the happy father ! Yes, ... ! la vtre!
.........................................................................................................
cheers; to your health
How are you ? I'm ..., thank you ! trs bien
.......................................................................................................................................
fine
I passed my driving test yesterday! - Oh, did you? Well done,... ! toutes mesflicitations!......................................................
congratulations
So, I'll send out the invitations for the party and you'llorganize the food! OK, that's ... then! alors c'est convenu!
...............
settled; agreed
I'm afraid I can't go with you tomorrow. Oh, ... ! We'll missyou. c'est dommage!
........................................................................
that's a pity; what a pity; what a shame; what a nuisance
I'm afraid I can't come tomorrow ! Oh, it's a ... that youcan't. il est dommage que
......................................................................
pity; shame; nuisance
I'm afraid I can't come tomorrow ! Well, never ... ! a ne faitrien!
.................................................................................................mind
I'm glad I found our money ! Yes, thank ... ! Dieu merci!
.................................................................................................................
goodness; god; heavens; you
I'm going to my aunt today ! Well, ... a nice day. bonnejourne!
.....................................................................................................
have
I'm John Procter ! I'm Harry Gordon, how ... ? enchant!
...............................................................................................................
do you do
I've cleaned your room ! Oh, ... you very much !merci!..................................................................................................................
thank
Is everything OK ? Yes, everything is ... . a va
................................................................................................................................
all right
It was nice of you to bring me home ! Don't ... it ! il n'y apas de quoi!
...........................................................................................
mention
Oh, it's almost 2 o'clock ! Take ... ! We've still got fiveminutes left. ne vous emballez pas!
........................................................
it easy
Oh, help me, please ! Why, what's the ... ? qu'est-ce qu'il ya?
..........................................................................................................
matter; problem
OK, see you tomorrow ! Yes, ... ! aurevoir!.......................................................................................................................................
goodbye; bye; bye-bye; see you; see you later
See you at the party ! Oh, ..., what will you put on? propos;entre parenthses
........................................................................
incidentally; by the waySue should stop eating sweets ! That'seasier said than ... . plus facile dire qu' fa
...................................................................
done
Thank you very much for helping me ! Oh, you're ... ! il n'y apas de quoi!
...................................................................................
welcome
The weather is beautiful, isn't it ? Yes ..., it's beautiful. eneffet......................................................................................................
indeed
Would you like some wine ? Yes, ... ! s'il vous plat
...........................................................................................................................
please
You should go home now ! Yes, I'd ... leave, indeed. il vaudraitmieux que je
................................................................................
better
You're Mr Gordon, aren't you ! Yes, I'm ... meet you, sir!enchant!
..............................................................................................
pleased to
Young man, this is my seat ! Oh, I ... your pardon, sir ! jevous demandepardon!......................................................................
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beg
I'm cold! - Oh, ... I close the window? voulez vousque......................................................................................................................
shall
I'm late already! - Oh, ... I drive you to the station? voulezvous que...
..........................................................................................
shall
05 Identity
http://www.vocatrain.com/test.php?style=embed&id=30848
Did the judge give an objective judgment ? No, he gave hispersonal, ... opinion.subjectif.........................................................
subjective
Did the ship sink in the storm ? Yes, and only one person ...the accident.survivre...................................................................
survived
We try very hard to treat our students as ... , not as anonymousnames. individuel
...................................................................
individuals
Do all these people belong to your family ? Yes, they are all... . parent
........................................................................................
relatives Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/..................................................................................
Do you like your wife's mother ? Yes, I get on well with my .... belle-mre
...................................................................................
mother-in-law
Don't you like my plan ? Well, ... I don't agree, but perhapsJim does.personnellement............................................................
personally, honestly, to be honest
Has Ted's mother died ? Yes, she will be ... the day aftertomorrow. enterrer
..............................................................................
buried; cremated Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/....................................................................
He doesn't have much responsibility, he's only a ... officer.subalterne
..........................................................................................
junior
Has your best friend married yet ? No, I'm afraid he's still a... . clibataire
.................................................................................
bachelor Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/..................................................................................
Have you by any chance seen my wife's sister ? No, I haven'tseen your ... .belle-soeur.............................................................
sister-in-law
Have you by any chance seen my wife's brother ? No, I haven'tseen your ... . beau-frre
..........................................................
brother-in-law
Have you seen my wife's father anywhere ? I saw your wife, butnot your ... . beau-pre
...........................................................
father-in-law
They have no children of their own, but they are hoping to ... .adopter
........................................................................................
adopt
How old were you then, Eric ? Oh, a ... of about 12 years old.gosse; gars;gamin.........................................................................
lad; child; kidI like Alfred's children, don't you ? Oh yes,they're very nice ... . gosse (informel)
......................................................................
kids, youngsters, teenagers
I've heard Sue's married again ? Yes, her first ... only lasted3 weeks! mariage
..........................................................................
marriage Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/.................................................................................
Is Antonio from Italy ? Yes, he's an Italian ... living inLondon. citoyen
........................................................................................
citizen, expat
Is Christopher the son of your brother ? Yes, he's my ... .neveu;cousin.......................................................................................
nephew Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/....................................................................................
One of the departments at IHECS deals with ... education.adulte, formation continue..............................................................
adult; lifelong, continuing
Is Kenneth your daughter's son ? Yes, he's my ... .petit-fils
............................................................................................................
grandson; grandchild
Many adults show a complete lack of ... in spite of their age.maturit, responsabilit
...............................................................
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maturity, responsibility
Is Rover a female dog ? No, it's a dog of the opposite ... .sexe (lephysique).................................................................................
sex
Is Sheila the daughter of your brother ? Yes, she's my ... .nice; cousine
.....................................................................................
niece Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/........................................................................................
Is that baby your son's daughter ? Yes, she's my first ... .petit-enfant
..........................................................................................
grandchild; granddaughter
Is Valery your son's daughter ? Yes, she's my ... .petite-fille
...........................................................................................................
granddaughter; grandchild
Is your father 65 yet ? Almost. He really looks forward to his... .retraite...................................................................................
retirement Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/..............................................................................
Jamy's already 23, isn't she ? Yes, but she can't behave like a... person. mr
.............................................................................
mature; grown-up
She doesn't wear dresses very often. That's why people tell hershe's not very feminine. fminine
.........................................
feminine, girly
My name is Jonathan Smith ! Then your ... are JS. initiales
..........................................................................................................
initials
Old Simon is always ready to buy you a beer ! Yes, he's a nice... . type (homme)
........................................................................fellow; man; person; pal; lad, chap
Pat acts as if she were 4 years old ! Yes, sometimes she can bevery ... . puril
...........................................................................
childish Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/....................................................................................
People will always remember him in that film ! Yes, that rolemade him an ... actor. immortel
................................................
immortal; unforgettable, important
Scotland is famous for its whisky and its castles haunted by .... fantme
....................................................................................
ghosts
Where did you live as a child ? Well, I spent my ... in London.enfance..........................................................................................
childhood; youth
The three accomplices were convicted of ... and sentenced todeath. meurtre
.............................................................................
murder, manslaughter
Will you soon have a younger sister ? Yes, mum is ... . treenceinte
.............................................................................................
pregnant; expecting
Will you stop working when you're 65 ? Yes, then I will ... .prendre sa retraite
..........................................................................
retire; go on retirement Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/........................................................
You know that man ? No, I've never seen the ... . type(homme)
....................................................................................................
guy, man
You were born in Australia, weren't you ? Yes, but I only spentmy ... there, until I was 14. jeunesse,enfance......................
youth, childhood Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/....................................................................
Your ... is the woman who's married to your father but who isnot your real mother. belle-mre d'un remariage
..................
stepmotherI have no family at all on my side. Fortunately, Ihave my ... , my husband's family. belle famille
.............................................
in-laws
After my father remarried I got two ... , Emilie and Jane.belles-soeurs d'un remariage
............................................................
stepsisters
06 Language
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All right, I understand, I won't do it again ! Good, I'm glad Igot my message ... . faire passer (message)
................................
across
All right, I understand, I won't do it again ! Good, I'm glad I... my message across. faire passer (message)
...........................
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got Attention: irregular verb - get / got /got.................................................................................................................................
Any comments on the case, judge ? I'll make my official ...tomorrow.dclaration.....................................................................
statement; announcement, report
Are we finally going to start ? Yes, 'alea iacta est', to ...Caesar. citer
.............................................................................................
quote
Come on, Fred, I won't tell anyone ! OK, I trust you and I'll... freely. parler librement
...............................................................
speak Attention: irregular verb - speak / spoke /spoken............................................................................................................
Did he convince the Board ? Yes, he brought ... good arguments.avancer (argument)
..............................................................
forward
Did he convince the Board ? Yes, he ... forward good arguments.avancer (argument).............................................................
brought Attention: irregular verb - bring / brought /brought....................................................................................................
Did Jim mention my name in his letter ? No, he didn't ... toyou. faire rfrence
......................................................................
refer
Did Sandy tell you our secret ? No, she didn't ... it. rvler
.............................................................................................................
reveal
Did the minister say anything about the meeting ? No, he refusedto ... on it. commenter (qqch)
............................................
comment
Did you discuss anything in particular ? No, we've just been .... bavarder
...................................................................................chatting; chattering; talking; babbling
The aborigines are the ... inhabitants of Australia. natif
..................................................................................................................
native Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/......................................................................................
Do you know what this thing is ? No, it's a very strange ... .objet, chose
......................................................................................
object; thing
Do you say 'CONtract' or 'conTRACT' ? If it is a verb you ...the second syllable. accentuer (intonation)
.................................
emphasize; stress Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/..................................................................
Do you think he told the whole truth ? No, I'm sure he's ...back something. retenir (info)........................................................
holding; keeping
Does Linda know her ex-boyfriend is waiting outside ? No, weshould ... her. prvenir, avertir
................................................
warn, tell Attention: irregular verb - tell / told /told...................................................................................................................
Harold seems to have drunk a bit too much ! Yes, in other , he'scompletely waisted! en d'autres termes
...........................
words
Haven't you found a job yet ? No, I've sent 48 letters andnobody has ... . rpondre
....................................................................
replied; answered Attention: -y -> -ies /-ied..................................................................................................................................
How can you understand modern painters ? Well, they try to ...their inner feelings. exprimer
...............................................
express
How did the criminal defend himself ? He ... that he was ill.prtendre........................................................................................
alleged; stated; claimed; said
How did you know someone was in danger ? Well, I heard a suddenand scared ... . cri
.............................................................
screamHow do you read the word "recipe". I think you ... it['resIp?]. prononcer
.....................................................................................
pronounce
I don't know what this French word means ! No problem, theteacher will ... it for you. traduire (texte)
...............................
translate
I don't understand this French word, sir ! OK, I'll give you theEnglish ... .traduction...............................................................
translation; equivalent
I really should go home immediately ! Please, could you ... meone more minute? accorder, consacrer (une minute)
..........
spare
I surely do believe the earth is flat ! Please stop talking .... absurdits
........................................................................................
nonsense
I've got something to tell you ! The baby's sleeping. Just ...it in my ears. chuchoter
..................................................................
whisper
Mr Bush, are you going to increase taxes ? I'm sorry, I'll makeno further ... . commentaire (sur)..........................................
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comment; comments
My life is so empty - no goal to live for ! So you want to leada more ... life?significatif..............................................................
meaningful, exciting
NICE WEATHER, ISN'T IT ! ! ! ? I can hear you. You don't have to... . crier
................................................................................
shout; yell
Quad longhai ? I don't speak Chinese, would you ... for me?interprter, traduire (langue)
......................................................
interpret, translate
Shall I explain the whole story ? No, you needn't ... detail.entrer dans les dtails
.....................................................................
go into Attention: irregular verb - go / went /gone......................................................................................................................
Should I read the answer from the text ? No, give it in your own... . en tes propresmots.........................................................
words
Ted, I must talk to you about us ! I'm busy now, we'll ... ourrelationship later. discuter
............................................................
discuss
The director didn't like the proposal, did he ? No, he objected... it . lever une objection contre
..............................................
to
Was Wendy afraid of your dog ? Oh yes, she was. She gave alittle ... of fear. cri
..........................................................................
cry; shout
What a nice house ! Yes, but as you ... it's too big. remarquer(dire)
..............................................................................................remarked; said; noted
What did Harry do when you insulted him ? Well, he didn't ... atall. ragir
.................................................................................
react
When are you getting married ? I'll ... the date at our party.annoncer
.........................................................................................
announce
Whose idea is this ? Well, it was Frank who put ... . avancer,proposer (ide)
..............................................................................
it forward
Why did you call me Brian ? I'm sorry, it was a slip of the ....lapsus............................................................................................
tongue
Why did you leave me so suddenly yesterday ? Sorry dear, I can'tgive you an ... now. explication
..........................................
explanation; answer
You didn't tell me it might be dangerous ! Yes I did, I gave youa clear ... . avertissem*nt
..........................................................
warning
At the end of the news they often give you a short ... of themain events. rsum
......................................................................
summary
When I study theoretical courses, I usually write a ... of mycoursebook. rsum
.......................................................................
summary
I'll just ... the main elements in a few words, if I may.rsumer.......................................................................................................
summarize; summarise
She sent her rsum to over 50 companies but did not even get aninterview. CV
......................................................................
rsum; CV; curriculum vitaeWhose idea is this ? Well, it wasFrank who ... forward. avancer; proposer (ide)
.......................................................................
put it
07 Leisure
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Are you coming with us to the beach ? Yes, that'll be great .... amusem*nt
.................................................................................
funDid Steve play Shakespeare's Macbeth ? Yes, he gave anexcellent ... . reprsentation (thtre)
.............................................
performance
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Did you see the latest film starring Emily Blunt ? No, I haven'tbeen to the ... lately.cinma...................................................
cinema; movies
Do you know that actress ? Yes, she's made an ... on television.apparition (actrice)
.................................................................
appearance
Do you know the actors of this play ? No, I haven't got any ideaabout the ... . acteurs
...............................................................
cast
Do you know the Royal Shakespeare Company ? Yes, I once saw them... Hamlet. jouer, reprsenter (thtre)
....................
performing
Do you make paintings for the money ? No, I paint for my own ....plaisir...................................................................................
pleasure
Does the law apply to theatres only ? No, also to pubs and otherplaces of ... . amusem*nt
.......................................................
entertainment
I missed the last part of Dallas yesterday ! No problem, it'llbe ... again tomorrow. mettre (film)
...........................................
broadcast; run; shown Attention: irregular verb - broadcast /broadcast /broadcast............................................................
I'm going to the library ! Oh, could you bring a ... for me too?livre
...............................................................................................
book
I've got some nice pictures ! Can you ... them to me?montrer
.......................................................................................................
show Attention: irregular verb - show / showed /shown............................................................................................................Universityis closed in July and August, isn't it ? Yes, it's summer ... then.vacances.................................................................
vacation; holidays
Was it an exciting tennis match? Yes, Djokovic created a ... bybeating Nadal. sensation (presse)
...........................................
sensation
Was the patient calm ? Yes, he gave the impression of being .... dtendu, dcontract
..............................................................
relaxed
Watch out for the ice ! Oh dear, the car is beginning to ...away. glisser
.........................................................................................
slide
What do you do in your free time? I don't have a ..., butsometimes I go fishing.passe-temps...................................................
hobby
Where was this Daft Punk album made ? Oh, they ... it in CentralPark. enregistrer (musique)
...............................................
recorded
Why is everybody laughing? Jo's just done a funny ... with a hatand an egg. truc (prestidigitateur)
.....................................
Would you like to hear this song again ? Yes, ... it again, willyou ? repasser
...............................................................................
play
You always seem to be working ! Yes, I have very little ... .loisirs.................................................................................................
spare time
You don't like Game of Thrones or Grey's Anatomy, do you ? No, Inever watch ... like that. feuilleton (tl)
.........................
series, programmes, soap
You must go to Italy as soon as you can ! OK. Just give me anhour to ... .
faire sa valise
...........................................................pack
You never buy records, do you ? No, I record from the radio witha ... . un convertisseur
.........................................................
converter program
08 Sport
http://www.vocatrain.com/test.php?style=embed&id=30851
A game where you put a small ball in a hole with a stick ? Well,that's ... . golf (sport)
...............................................................golf
Can you play poker or whist ? No, I never ... cards. jouer auxcartes
............................................................................................
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play
Did your country win the war ? No, we couldn't ... that bigarmy. battre(vaincre).....................................................................
defeat; destroy
Did your team win the match ? Yes, it was our first ... thisyear. victoire
.....................................................................................
victory; triumph; success
Do you know what an Oscar is ? Yes, it's an American film ... .prix (concours)
...........................................................................
award; prize
Does Carl use his bicycle a lot ? Yes, he loves to ... . fairede la bicyclette; faire du
......................................................................
cycle
Does Stephen play football ? Yes, he is our best ... .joueur..............................................................................................................
player
How do you play football ? That's easy! You just ... the ballwith your foot! donner un coup de pied
.....................................
kick
I can't run any further ! But you must. Keep ... !continuez!
..........................................................................................................
going; running; it up Attention: irregular verb - go / went /gone..............................................................................................
I feel like swimming now ! I'm afraid there's no swimming ... inthe hotel. piscine
......................................................................
pool
I saw Nijinsky perform yesterday ! Oh, you mean that famousballet ... ? danseur
.....................................................................dancer; artist
Is there enough wind at sea now ? Yes, today we can go ... withour new boat. faire de la voile
.................................................
sailing
It's too dark, I can't see the road ! Give me your hand, I'll... you. conduire, guider (qqn)
..........................................................
lead; guide, help Attention: irregular verb - lead / led /led.........................................................................................................
Let's play a game of poker, shall we ? We can't. I have no ...of cards. jeu de cartes
.....................................................................
deck
Next month it's the annual Song Festival ! And who's going to... for Spain?participer.............................................................
participate
The prize- ... will be notified by post. gagnant, vainqueur
................................................................................................................
winners
What are you going to Austria for in winter ? I'd like to go ...in the mountains. faire du ski, skier
..........................................
skiing Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/.......................................................................................
What do I get when I win the race ? If you win, you get a ... .prix (concours)
..............................................................................
prize Attention: a prize (prix que l'on gagne) a price (prix quel'onpaie)...........................................................................
What do you get if you win the race ? If I win this ... I get200. comptition
..............................................................................
competition; contest Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/..............................................................
What does that white line on the road mean ? That's the ... ofthe race.arrive..........................................................................
finish; start
What's your favourite sport ? Well, I often ... basketball.jouer au basket
.....................................................................................
play; watchWho's the best football player of the year ? LionelMessi - he got more than 30 ... . but (football)
............................................
goals
Why are you going to Paris ? I want to participate ... ademonstration. participer
..................................................................
in
Why do you like climbing mountains so much ? I take it as a ...which I have to take up.dfi....................................................
challenge
Why is little Helen crying ? One of her ... has lost an arm.poupe
.................................................................................................
dolls; puppets
09 Economy
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A lot of people are out of work, aren't they ? Yes, there is alot of ... in Europe. chmage
...........................................................
unemployment; redundancy
All people in this village know each other very well ! Yes, theyform a close ... . communaut
..................................................
community; family
Are released prisoners easily accepted by society ? No, it'sdifficult for them to ... . s'intgrer
.................................................
integrateAre they going to pay for your stolen car ? No, I'm not... against stealing. assur (vol)............................................................
insured
Aren't there many factories in the neighbourhood ? Yes, I livein an ... area. industriel
............................................................
industrial
Can everybody go to that library ? Yes, it's a ... library.public (adj)
.............................................................................................
public
Danny wants to buy an expensive car ! Yes, he regards it as a... symbol. standing
....................................................................
status Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/.......................................................................................
Did Jane get the job ? Yes, she succeeded ... getting the job.russir...........................................................................................
in
Did the government spend much money on that firm ? Yes, a sum of20 million was ... . investir
.........................................
invested; put into it
Did you have an accident ? Yes, but that's no problem. I havegood ... . assurance (auto)
..........................................................
insurance Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/................................................................................
Do you have a new government ? Yes, and they promised we'll haveto pay less ... . impt
........................................................
tax; taxes
Do you sell your fruit in Belgium only ? No, I also ... a lot tothe rest of Europe.exporter..........................................................
export; sell Attention: SELL = irregular verb - sell / sold /sold..................................................................................................
Do you still buy most of your wine in France ? Yes, thoughSpanish ... is increasing. importation
...........................................
import
Do you still work at Jane's ? No, at the moment I'm ... work.chmer
............................................................................................
out of
Do you work for a British company ? No, for a French ... . socit(commerce)
...........................................................................
corporation; firm; one
Does Julian owe you a lot of money ? Yes, he's in ... to me.dette
....................................................................................................
debt Attention: the B is notpronounced........................................................................................................................................
Does your government control all the firms ? No, we have a free... .conomie...........................................................................
economy Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/..................................................................................
Has Mr Thomas got enough money ? No, he hasn't. He has got ...problems. financier
...............................................................
financial Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/..................................................................................
Has your salary increased a lot ? Yes, I earn more since I'vebeen ... . promouvoir (emploi)
.....................................................
promotedIn the past blacks were moved from their land ! Yes,this ... was terrible. dplacement (peuple)
.............................................
displacement
Is this a good period for trade ? No, the ... situation is bad.conomique.......................................................................................
economic Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/.................................................................................
Is this chocolate produced in Belgium ? Yes, it's a Belgian .... produit
..........................................................................................
product
Mr Harris doesn't have much money, does he ? No, he's very ... .pauvre
.....................................................................................
poor
Our profits have increased by 10% ! Yes, now we can make new ...in research. investissem*nt
..............................................
investments
Pat never finishes his work on time ! No, he should organize histime to gain ... . efficacit
.......................................................
efficiency Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/.................................................................................
Peter can buy everything he wants ! Yes, he's a man of great .... richesse
...................................................................................
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wealth Attention: WEALTH has noplural.....................................................................................................................................
Prices are soaring and unemployment is growing ! Yes, we'refacing an economic ... . crise (conomique)............................
crisis; slump Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/...........................................................................
There are a lot of farms in this country, aren't there ? Yes,Portugal is an ... country. agricole
................................................
agricultural
Tourists are buying a lot in our shops ! Yes, that's good for... . commerce
...................................................................................
trade; business; commerce
What do foreigners mostly want ? They want complete ... in oursociety. intgration
................................................................
integration
Who's going to pay all this ? A large corporation will ... theproject.financer...............................................................................
Why is the price of petrol so low ? Because the oil companies... with each other. rivaliser avec
.................................
compete Attention: competeWITH.................................................................................................................................................
10 The News
http://www.vocatrain.com/test.php?style=embed&id=30853
Any news about flight 713 ? I'm afraid the plane is ... byterrorists ! dtourner (avion)............................................................
hijacked; skyjacked
Can those people answer all the questions ? Yes, that's the ...of specialists. quipe
...................................................................
team, panel
Can you solve the problem ? Yes, I'll sort ... . rsoudre unproblme
..............................................................................................
it out
Clare and Mick spent two months in the desert ! Yes, that wasquite an ... . aventure
................................................................
adventure; experience
Did the man carry a gun, Mrs Parkinson ? Yes, I've already toldyou he was ... . arm
..............................................................
armed
Did the terrorists take an innocent man with them ? Yes, theytook him as a ... . otage
............................................................
hostage; prisoner azCheck the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/................................................................
Did you write that book for personal reasons ? No, for thehonour and ... of my land. gloire
.....................................................
glory
Do many people tend to stop smoking ? Yes, there is a clear ...to stop smoking. tendance, volont
.........................................
tendency, willingness
Do you follow the latest fashions ? No, I prefer the more ...type of clothes.traditionnel..........................................................
traditional
Do you remember Michael Phelps ? Of course, he won a few gold... , didn't he ? mdaille
.........................................................
medals
Do you remember the visit of the king ? Yes, I remember that .... vnement
............................................................................
event Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/........................................................................................
I can't understand why Sue ran away ! Neither can I, it really... me. rendre perplexe
..............................................................
puzzles; bothers; worries; astounds; astonishes
Is this place safe ? Yes, there are no ... problems.scurit..............................................................................................................
security
Only one person got out of the burning house ! Yes, he was very... . heureux (hasard)
.............................................................
fortunate, lucky
People want to learn languages nowadays ! Yes, that's the latest... in Europe. tendance
..........................................................
trendShall I explain it to the boss ? No, I don't need your .... ingrence
.................................................................................................
interference; assistance; help
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She really wants the best for us, doesn't she ? Yes, all shewants is our ... .bien-tre.................................................................
welfare; happiness; wellbeing
Sixty people drowned when the boat sank ! Yes, that's a real .... dsastre, une catastrophe
....................................................
disaster, catastrophe
So you saw two men push your husband into a car ? Yes sir, I sawthem ... him. kidnapper, enlever
.......................................
kidnapping
The fire destroyed all of Sue's possessions ! Oh dear, I hopeshe's well ... . assurer (incendie)
..................................................
insured
Was Mary afraid of that rat ? Yes, her eyes were wide with ... .terreur,l'pouvante..................................................................
terror
Was the murderess punished for her crime ? No, she ... with it.s'en tirer bon compte
............................................................
got away Attention: irregular verb - get / got /got.......................................................................................................................
Was that church destroyed during the war ? Yes, a plane droppeda ... on it. bombe
..................................................................
bomb Attention: the final B is notpronounced.............................................................................................................................
We're going to climb Mount Everest soon ! Why do you expose ...such a danger ? exposer
...................................................
yourself to; yourselves to
What kind of work are you looking for ? I'd like an ... job,typing or the like. administratif
.......................................................
administrative Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/.......................................................................Whatshould I do when I've finished the job ? Then you'd better ... theresults to me. rapporter (compte rendu) ..................
report; give, show
Where did you put my jewellery ? I put it in the bank where itwill be ... . en sret (adj)
.........................................................
secure, safe Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/.............................................................................
Where do you get your skill from ? It was ... from father toson. transmettre (tradition)
..........................................................
handed down
Why are all those people shouting ? They want to ... againstnuclear weapons. protester
.........................................................
protest
Why are you collecting money ? To help the hungry people in the... . TiersMonde...................................................................
third world
Under a dictatorship citizens are denied ... of speech.libert
.........................................................................................................
freedom
Why do people need to wear seat belts ? For reasons of ..., Ithink. scurit
.................................................................................
safety
Why do you study Greek history ? Because it's the basis ofWestern ... . civilisation
..................................................................
civilization; society
Will it be easy to find Phil ? Yes, we won't have any ... .difficult...................................................................................................
difficulty; difficulties, problem
11 Justice
http://www.vocatrain.com/test.php?style=embed&id=30854
Are people allowed to drive a car at 18? Yes, that's perfectly... . lgitime
...................................................................................
legal Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/..........................................................................................
Are you still defending that murderer, Hugh ? No, the ... wasfinished yesterday. procs (juridique)
......................................
trial Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/...........................................................................................
But Ann's innocent ! Yes, but she's still in ... . tre en prison..........................................................................................................
prison; jail; custody; gaol Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/.......................................................
Did Carol kill her husband ? Yes, at least she's ... the murderand is on trial for it.
accuser de
................................................. accused of
Did Carol kill her husband ? Yes, she's charged ... murder.accuser de
..........................................................................................
with
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Did Geoff try to runaway from prison ? Yes, last night he triedto make an ... . fuite, vasion (prison)...................................
escape
Did I drive too fast ? Yes, and that's a serious ... .infraction
...........................................................................................................
offence; crime
Did Sheila really kill her husband ? Yes, she was found guilty... murder. coupable de
...............................................................
of
Did someone see the accident happen ? Yes, I've got one ... .tmoin
.............................................................................................
witness Check the pronunciation onhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/.....................................................................................
Did that man kill the victim ? Yes, he's the ... . meurtrier;assassin...............................................................................................
murderer
Did the police arrest Marc ? Yes, they've ... him prisoner.faire qqn prisonnier
...........................................................................
taken Attention: irregular verb - take / took /taken...................................................................................................................
Do we have a weak government ? Yes, it's not even able to ...its own laws. faire obir ( une loi)
............................................
enforce
Do we have to take Joe Dalton back to prison ? Yes, put him backin his ... . cellule (prison)
....................................................
cell
Do you like my present ? Yes, it's ... what I wanted. justement,exactement
................................................................................
justDoes your party want all people to be equal ? Yes, we aim at... for everybody.galit...............................................................
equality
Help, somebody has stolen my purse ! Don't worry madam, we'llcatch the ... ! voleur
..............................................................
thief; robber; mugger
How severe is his punishment ? It's dreadful. Tomorrow he'll be... . excuter (condamn)
......................................................
executed; hanged; electrocuted Attention: tu par pendaison =hang / hanged /hanged.......................................................
I haven't killed her ! I'm innocent ! Calm down, Hugh, nobody's... you. accuser (suspect)
........................................................
accusing; charging
I think Pam is not good for this job ! You shouldn't ... her soquickly.juger...................................................................................
judge
I want to buy this gun, sir ! You're too young, it's against the... . rglement
................................................................................
regulations; rules; law
I won't tell you. You can't keep a secret ! But I do ! I ... Iwon't tell anyone. jurer (serment)
......................................................
swear; promise Attention: irregular verb - swear / swore /sworn............................................................................................
I'm sure Bobby is innocent ! So am I, but we can't ... it, canwe? prouver
.....................................................................................
prove
I've heard 10 prisoners escaped ? No, only 7 are at ... . tre enlibert..........................................................................................
liberty
Is Andrew the headmaster's son ? Yes, but that doesn't ... himto be offensive. autoriser
..........................................................
entitle; permit, allow
Is Jim in prison ? Yes, he's convicted ... murder.
dclarer coupable de
.........................................................................................of; for
Is Joe still in prison ? Yes, but they'll ... him next month.librer; relcher
..................................................................................
release
It isn't cold outside, is it ? No, the weather is ... today.beau (temps)...................................................................................
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